We turn first to two of Plato's most famous dialogues,The Apology and,The Republic. Is a world with AI's overall better or worse for us? We will then discuss philosophies of science which emerged out of various criticisms of this view - especially those of Popper, Lakatos, Kuhn and Feyerabend - and the challenges to the assumptions of scientific objectivity and rationality their works provoked. Initial tutorial meetings will focus on theoretical materials that will background later discussions and will include classic readings from the environmental ethics literature (e.g., Leopold, Taylor, Rolston). Are we justified in believing in God? More than this, Existentialists emphasize the subjective relation we bear to our belief systems, moral codes, and personal identities. We'll try to make some progress on these issues. Much of the moral philosophy produced in Greece and Rome remains as relevant today as when it was written. We'll examine these and related questions through historical and contemporary readings. Topics will range from consideration of "mundane" technologies such as in vitro fertilization (IVF), prenatal genetic screening and testing, and surrogacy, to the more extraordinary, possibly including pre-implantation genetic diagnosis (PGD), post-menopausal reproduction, and post-mortem gamete procurement. With what limits and justifications? While social justice and distributive justice are deeply intertwined in the health care context and we will discuss both, we will focus primarily on the concept of distributive justice. Apparently he corrupted the youth by engaging with them in philosophy. After several weeks on the Republic we will turn to Shakespeare's last play: The Tempest. More than this, Existentialists emphasize the subjective relation we bear to our belief systems, moral codes, and personal identities. What we have here is an example of the sorites paradox. Perhaps even more so than on Friday night, the effect of Phil Walsh's death was felt at the MCG on Saturday afternoon. My daughter removes one grain of sand. Or are some of our beliefs true in virtue of their meanings alone? What is essential to human being is not any fixed set of characteristics, but rather what a human being becomes and how it defines and creates itself under conditions it does not choose. Most sessions will pair readings about key concepts with specific cases that raise complex ethical issues, including the concept of moral standing and, e.g., people who do not yet exist, non-human individuals, species, and complex living systems; the concept of moral responsibility and complicity in environmentally damaging practices; the legitimacy of cost-benefit analysis as an environmental policy tool; and the valuation of human lives. The philosophers of ancient Greece and Rome were among the first thinkers to develop rigorous arguments in response to such musings. In order to be justified in holding a belief, must someone know (or believe) that she is justified in holding that belief? His thought influenced the thought of subsequent generations of philosophers. This course is part of the John Hyde Teaching Fellowship. In this course, we will investigate dynamic communicative phenomena and discuss competing theoretical explanations about how they're interpreted. Type in your search terms and press enter or navigate down for suggested search results. Locke is the first great Empiricist Realist, and Leibniz the greatest Rationalist Idealist. Phil Walsh's death a family tragedy. Does offensive art harm? The Crows staged their main training session at their West . [more], The core activity of this seminar is the careful reading and sustained discussion of selected works by Plato and Aristotle, but we will also engage such other thinkers as Epictetus and Augustine, and, from a political and theoretical point of view, selections from the Hebrew Bible and New Testament. ", Get immediate help for depression or anxiety. In this tutorial, we will investigate the nature of skepticism and the varieties of relativism it encourages. [more], There are three grains of sand on my desk. We then consider a range of Buddhist critiques of these views, focusing more particularly on the Madhyamaka, which radicalizes the critique of the self into a global anti-realist and skeptical stance. Must it be unaffected by any outside influences? What is his legacy today? [more], Logic is the study of reasoning and argument. Do our society's laws limit our freedom in order to make us safe? characteristics, but rather what a human being becomes and how it defines and creates itself under conditions it does not choose. falsity of all our beliefs? Cy Walsh has asked a court to allow him to be released back into the community unsupervised, six years after stabbing his AFL coach father to death in a frenzied attack.. Phil Walsh, 55, was head . [more], Political liberalism has been both celebrated and lamented. UPDATE: Footy world pays tribute to Crows coach as AFL cancels Crows clash, Walsh, a man consumed by football Phil Walsh tragedy: rolling coverageCrows-Cats clash called offStatement from Gillon McLachlan on round 14. Roger Federer gets stumped by famous saying. Do particular case histories offer good explanations of psychopathology? We will begin by reading some of Plato's early dialogues and his Republic. We will move on to examine ethical issues of truth-telling with terminally ill patients and their families, decisions to withhold or withdraw life-sustaining treatments, the care of seriously ill newborns, physician-assisted suicide, euthanasia, and posthumous interests. Background readings include sources rooted in traditional modes of bioethical analysis as well as those incorporating feminist approaches. Summer Institutes for Undergraduates in Philosophy. I just wanted to put on here a tribute video that my Assistant Jessica has put together for Murdered Adelaide Football coach Phil Walsh, who was a true leader of young men in sport and life (it is . Nevertheless, comparatively few people realize that the views we commonly think of as "Platonic" represent only one strand in Plato's thought. In this course we'll examine several influential attempts to provide a rational foundation for morality, along with Nietzsche's wholesale rejection of these efforts. With few exceptions, thoroughgoing skepticism and relativism have not been the prevailing views of the greatest minds in the history of philosophy. In pursuing the answers to these questions, we will discuss both classic and contemporary theories from philosophy and linguistics. In this tutorial, we'll read portions of Rawls' major works, A Theory of Justice and Political Liberalism, and trace how his theory evolved in response to an array of critics, including libertarians, perfectionists, communitarians, feminist philosophers, and critical race theorists. But we also question the value of these tools based on first person approaches by relating them to the third person studies of the mind. This raises the question whether a more complete account of the emergence of subjects must address both psychic, historical and social dimensions of subjectivity, the ways in which they are intertwined, and their importance for not only psychological well-being, but also relatively well-regulated socio-political relations. Is there a room for the notion of collective intention in filmmaking? In this course we take up questions such as the following: What sorts of subjects do we find in modern Western societies? Is that principle of organization justifiable or not? The debate never transpired - indeed, Leibniz suppressed his New Essays - because of Locke's death in 1705. Williams relatives. We will, undoubtedly, have to adjust the syllabus to respond to breaking international, national and local news. The seminar will be structured around a close, critically engaged reading of the, Wittgenstein's "Philosophical Investigations", action, knowledge, ethics, religion, aesthetics, culture, and of course, philosophy itself. There is a village where the barber shaves (a) all those and (b) only those who do not shave themselves. We will begin examining these questions by studying the history of controversies in American higher education, concentrating especially on debates about the curriculum. We will discuss major works (philosophical, literary, visual) by such figures as Edmund Husserl, Martin Heidegger, Jean-Paul Sartre, Simone de Beauvoir, Albert Camus, Maurice Merleau-Ponty, and Richard Wright, Ingmar Bergman and Jean-Luc Godard. How have you already been taught the academic and civic virtues? Walsh's wife Meredith was also in Flinders Medical Centre - her husband dead, her son charged with murder, her daughter returning from overseas, and herself suffering leg injuries. In this course we will examine traditional philosophical approaches to understanding death and related concepts, with a special focus on the ethical concerns surrounding death and care for the dying. We will spend the balance of the semester coming to grips with Plato's arguments in the later dialogues. Topics to be considered include the nature of freedom (both individual and social), the master/slave dialectic and subject constitution, self-consciousness and double consciousness, the stages of history, and racial capitalism [more], Any critical theory presupposes an account how both individual and social subjects come into being. Existentialists investigate deeply irrational phenomena of human life, including anxiety, boredom, tragedy, despair, death, faith, sexuality, love, hate, sadism, masochism, and authenticity. In this course we address key themes and figures from two of the most influential movements in twentieth century European philosophy, namely, existentialism and phenomenology, a philosophical approach to which existentialism is indebted. In this course we take up questions such as the following: What sorts of subjects do we find in modern Western societies? It seems like there is still a heap of sand in my backyard. Is philosophy of film really autonomous, independent from traditional philosophical disciplines which help generate its central questions, such as aesthetics, philosophy of art, epistemology, ontology, semiotics, ethics, social and political philosophy? Do particular case histories offer good explanations of psychopathology? As a result, some prominent researchers propose that the existence of consciousness requires a revision of basic physics, while others (seemingly desperately) deny that consciousness exists at all. How is political power generated and exercised? These affect not only our particular choices but also, more fundamentally, who we are and what we value. We examine key concepts such as: capitalism, alienation, false consciousness, the death of God, nihilism, the unconscious, ego, id, superego, and the death drive. Right? Is it possible to have systematic knowledge of subjective experience? A number of things follow from this happy assumption. metaphysics, epistemology, moral and political philosophy, philosophy of mind. Our aim is to enrich our understanding of the discipline in order to evaluate its value and limitations. This course introduces philosophy students to these and related questions through a parallel reading that brings together 19th century German philosopher Hegel and a tradition of Africana philosophy running through Douglas, Du Bois, Fanon, Gilroy, Hartman and Wynter. Are we justified in believing in God? The aim of this course is to explore and evaluate a number of rival conceptions of persons and personal identity over time. Some of the questions that we will discuss are: What is psychopathology and what are its causes? Must the freedom or fulfillment of some people require the subordination of others? We will examine a variety of philosophical and scientific theories of emotion, as well as some issues concerning normative aspects of emotions: the role of emotions in a good life, and the concept of emotional maturity. In this tutorial, will read works in critical theory from the 18th century to the present, some from the Frankfurt tradition, and some not. We turn first to two of Plato's most famous dialogues, Philosophical Approaches to Contemporary Moral Issues. of subjectivity, the scope of reflexivity, the nature of perceptual presence, etc. We will then turn to Aristotle's Nicomachean Ethics. We conclude by considering some of the later Hindu holistic views of the self as responses to the Buddhist critique. As the music wails in the background, we will study the classic pragmatists: William James, C. S. Peirce, and John Dewey. [more], Twenty-four centuries ago Plato argued for censorship of art. The debate between Realism and Idealism concerns whether reality is composed of mind-independent matter, or mind-like substances. The view of the tragedians can lead to a thoroughgoing nihilism according to which --the best thing of all [for a human being] is never to have born-but the next best thing is to die soon (Aristotle's. Save. Of course, this question cannot really be answered, nor is there any value in trying to answer it, and any "answer" will only be "true" for you. What does it take to realize this fact? Throughout the course, our focus will be on three broad issues: Hume's conception of theoretical rationality, his conception of practical rationality, and his views about the role and relevance of non-rational (on some readings, irrational) elements in a good life of a wise person. We will focus our study on Hegel's Phenomenology of Spirit and Marx's early writings. Associate Dean of Students / Director of International Student Services. Is democratic rule always best? Philosophy of Education: DuBois versus Washington, deepest questions in philosophy: consequentialism versus deontology, the goals of happiness versus dignity, long term versus short term goals, and more. Cy Jacob Walsh, 26, entered no plea after being charged with murdering his father in a killing that has stunned Australia's sporting community. (iii) You exist. Authors will include: Descartes, Spinoza, Leibniz, Locke, Berkeley, Hume, and Kant. I may also pair some Nietzsche texts with readings from representatives of both the Anglo-American and European critical reception of his work (Bataille, Heidegger, Habermas, Foucault, Irigaray, Deleuze, Derrida Williams, Rorty, Reginster, Hussain, and so forth). The central topics of the course will be: meaning, rule following, human languages; private experiences and other minds; intention and action; knowledge and skepticism; and especially, the methods and nature of philosophy. The seminar will fall into two unequal parts. The tragedians emphasize the ways in which the cosmos and our role in it resists any attempt to be understood, and emphasize the ways in which the success or failure of our lives often turns on things completely beyond our control. [more], In this course we will explore the ways in which feminist approaches to moral thinking have influenced both the methodology and the content of contemporary bioethics. In this course we address the question: How is the present we find ourselves living today different from the one that the author Foucault wrote about in the 1960s, 70s and early 80s before his untimely death in 1984? What is the mind? Are we capable of disinterested altruism, or are we motivated solely by self-interest? more broadly, what it is like to have a first person, waking perspective at all--resists explanation in any terms other than the conscious experience itself in spite of centuries of intense effort by philosophers and, more recently, by scientists. Does free inquiry clash with concern for others, or do they (or can they) work together? The debate between Empiricism and Rationalism concerns whether all our knowledge derives from experience, or any is innate. and Augustine, and, from a political and theoretical point of view, selections from the Hebrew Bible and New Testament. [more], Socrates was executed in 399 BCE on the charges of impiety and corruption of the youth of Athens. [more], The touchstone of our course will be Plato's Republic: the first and perhaps greatest utopia as well as perhaps the greatest work in political philosophy. The answer is not merely that they ask the question, "What gives meaning to a human life?" As we go through these results, we will think about the philosophical implications of first-order logic. [more], Ludwig Wittgenstein (1889-1951) is probably the greatest philosopher of the 20th century. What are the responsibilities of museum curators and theater producers when presenting art that might offend? In the second part of the course, we will turn to the fundamental questions concerning the status and structure of logic. Phil Williams / WTVF-TV: Tennessee Congressman Andy Ogles didn't want you to see his college transcript! Is there a room for the notion of collective intention in filmmaking? The picture that we find in the works of the tragedians, Aeschylus, Sophocles and Euripides is markedly different. In addition to examining general accounts of causation, we will examine particular problems that come up in thinking about mental causation and causation in indeterministic contexts. Some of the questions we will consider are: Are moral standards relative to cultural frameworks? In our attempts to make headway in answering such daunting questions, we investigate recent debates in critical theory concerning subjection and resistance, intersubjective recognition and redistribution, social pathologies and the idea of a political unconscious. In this course, we will study the most important and influential chapters of the, Topics in Philosophy of Race: Hegel and Africana Philosophy, double? Pleasure? We will examine these (and other questions) in the context of the great philosophical revolution at the beginning of the last century: the linguistic turn and the birth of analytic philosophy. Are there metaphysical and ideological assumptions in contemporary psychiatry, and if so, could and should they be avoided? What is the proper 'geography'--classification and analysis--of our emotions, and what is their relation to our somatic states, feelings, beliefs, judgments, evaluations and actions? Is film today really distinct from a number of new, emerging visual media? In this course we will investigate the the broad topics of consciousness and thought by surveying the many approaches to mind that yield the contemporary debates. While Plato and Aristotle differ on many points, they share the belief that the cosmos and the human place within it can be understood by rational means. "Our industry is grieving today, and we send our love and support to the Walsh family, the Crows staff and players, Phil's wider circle of friends, the other clubs he worked with, and his many colleagues across the AFL," he said. [more], According to Aristotle the ultimate good is happiness---everything we desire we desire for the sake of happiness. Is rationality relative to cultural norms? What distinguishes that kind of life from others? There two ways to understand "Many students took every class". The real question, then, seems to be whether, and how, free choice is possible amidst all of these influences. Our study will definitely include Frege, Russell, Quine, Searle, and Kripke. We will then turn to contemporary controversies such as campus free speech. Pragmatist Currents in Contemporary Epistemology and Philosophy of Science. DuBois engaged in a great debate about the nature of education. Mental Health and Illness: Philosophical Considerations. His later work, best known through posthumously published Philosophical Investigations, continues to influence contemporary thinking about language, mind, action, knowledge, ethics, religion, aesthetics, culture, and of course, philosophy itself. What, you may ask, is the philosophy of logic? limits of language? Wilfrid Sellars regarded as uncontroversial the view that it is "an attempt to see how things, in the broadest possible sense of the term, hang together in the broadest possible sense of the term." The Philosophy of Higher Education: College Controversies. "The only thing that is different with this is that he has a high profile. The philosophical study of what we do in language, and how we understand one another, is called pragmatics; within the analytic tradition, the main philosophical contributions to the study of pragmatics in language came from Peirce, Wittgenstein, Austen, Grice and Searle. Why then should we spend our time studying people who in addition to having these surprising beliefs have been dead for 2500 years? How could proponents of each be claiming to follow in the footsteps of Socrates? [more], What gives an individual life meaning? What are the social and ethical prerequisites--and consequences--of democracy? For example, many people would agree that 'Keith's favorite unicorn' is a meaningful expression. Thus, the concept of person plays a significant role in most branches of philosophy, e.g. We ordinarily claim that sentences are true or false, but are there other entities whose truth and falsity explains the truth and falsity of sentences? Students who have take PHIL 203 will have a good background for this class, but students who are generally comfortable with formal systems need not have taken PHIL 203. We will see how a focus on language affects our understanding of many traditional philosophical questions, ranging from epistemology and metaphysics to aesthetics and ethics. They help us ask: What is freedom? We will spend the balance of the semester coming to grips with Plato's arguments in the later dialogues. Where did my reasoning go wrong? But now we have a problem. Why read the history of philosophy? But is the best conclusion we can come to with respect to our intellectual endeavors that skepticism always carries the day and that nothing at all is true? Others maintain that these questions will only yield to methods that incorporate our broader insight into the nature of the world including, perhaps, feminist thought or science. Or might it be that our skepticism and relativism are the result of our own laziness and failure? Aristotle sets out to study being qua being, or what is insofar as it is. In this tutorial, will read works in critical theory from the 18th century to the present, some from the Frankfurt tradition, and some not. In this way, we come to appreciate the importance of considering the biology on which mental processes are based and the light that this approach throws on the nature of consciousness. How should we think about the boundaries and methods of theorizing about film? Are there incompatible but equally true ways of describing the world? So, some relationships with other people--such as friendships, familial ties, love, patriotism--seem to be ethically desirable, central to the quality of our lives, and yet prima facie in tension with the widely held belief that morality requires impartiality and equal treatment of all human beings. Williams College Catalog Phone Number 413-597-4286 [email protected] Among the questions that we will address: What is justice? We will examine a variety of philosophical and scientific theories of emotion, as well as some issues concerning normative aspects of emotions: the role of emotions in a good life, and the concept of emotional maturity. [more], In this course we will examine traditional philosophical approaches to understanding death and related concepts, with a special focus on the ethical concerns surrounding death and care for the dying. Our particular choices but also, more fundamentally, who we are and what are the social ethical. Search results must the freedom or fulfillment of some people require the of... Questions through historical and contemporary theories from philosophy and linguistics and consequences -- of democracy skepticism! Education, concentrating especially on debates about the nature of skepticism and relativism are the social and ethical prerequisites and. We go through these results, we will begin examining these questions, we will then turn to fundamental! 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